SQL Server must use NIST FIPS 140-2 validated cryptographic modules for cryptographic operations.

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-67871	SQL4-00-031100	SV-82361r1_rule		High

Description
Use of weak or not validated cryptographic algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption and digital signatures to protect data. Weak algorithms can be easily broken and not validated cryptographic modules may not implement algorithms correctly. Unapproved cryptographic modules or algorithms should not be relied on for authentication, confidentiality or integrity. Weak cryptography could allow an attacker to gain access to and modify data stored in the database as well as the administration settings of SQL Server. Applications, including DBMSs, utilizing cryptography are required to use approved NIST FIPS 140-2 validated cryptographic modules that meet the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. Operations that require the use of cryptography include the provisioning of digital signatures, the generation and validation of cryptographic hashes, and the protection of data by storing and transmitting it in encrypted form. The security functions validated as part of FIPS 140-2 for cryptographic modules are described in FIPS 140-2 Annex A. SQL Server complies with FIPS 140-2 if Windows is configured to do so. NSA Type-X (where X=1, 2, 3, 4) products are NSA-certified, hardware-based encryption modules.

Description

Use of weak or not validated cryptographic algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption and digital signatures to protect data. Weak algorithms can be easily broken and not validated cryptographic modules may not implement algorithms correctly. Unapproved cryptographic modules or algorithms should not be relied on for authentication, confidentiality or integrity. Weak cryptography could allow an attacker to gain access to and modify data stored in the database as well as the administration settings of SQL Server. Applications, including DBMSs, utilizing cryptography are required to use approved NIST FIPS 140-2 validated cryptographic modules that meet the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. Operations that require the use of cryptography include the provisioning of digital signatures, the generation and validation of cryptographic hashes, and the protection of data by storing and transmitting it in encrypted form. The security functions validated as part of FIPS 140-2 for cryptographic modules are described in FIPS 140-2 Annex A. SQL Server complies with FIPS 140-2 if Windows is configured to do so. NSA Type-X (where X=1, 2, 3, 4) products are NSA-certified, hardware-based encryption modules.

STIG	Date
MS SQL Server 2014 Instance Security Technical Implementation Guide	2017-07-19

Details

Check Text ( C-68439r1_chk )
In Windows, open Administrative Tools >> Local Security Policy. Expand Local Policies >> Security Options. In the right-side pane, find "System cryptography: Use FIPS compliant algorithms for encryption, hashing, and signing". If, in the Security Setting column, the value is "Disabled," this is a finding.

Fix Text (F-73987r1_fix)
In Windows, open Administrative Tools >> Local Security Policy. Expand Local Policies >> Security Options. In the right-side pane, double-click on "System cryptography: Use FIPS compliant algorithms for encryption, hashing, and signing". In the dialog box that appears, if the radio buttons are active, click Enabled, and then click Apply. If the radio buttons are grayed out, use Group Policy Management (on the appropriate server for this domain) to enforce the Enabled policy, and deploy it to the server(s) running SQL Server.

Fix Text (F-73987r1_fix)

In Windows, open Administrative Tools >> Local Security Policy. Expand Local Policies >> Security Options. In the right-side pane, double-click on "System cryptography: Use FIPS compliant algorithms for encryption, hashing, and signing".

In the dialog box that appears, if the radio buttons are active, click Enabled, and then click Apply. If the radio buttons are grayed out, use Group Policy Management (on the appropriate server for this domain) to enforce the Enabled policy, and deploy it to the server(s) running SQL Server.